Azimuth mask
Wrapped Gaussian window. Pixels at the centre azimuth get full weight; others fall off as exp(−½(Δθ/σ)²).
0°
180°
Masked spectrogram
W-channel spectrogram after applying the azimuth mask. Energy outside the chosen direction is suppressed.
Reconstructed audio
Azimuth–time histogram
Energy-weighted histogram of arrival angles over time.